The History of Sanam Luang
Long before it became a photo spot beside the Grand Palace, the open ground of Sanam Luang was deliberately kept empty as the city's great ceremonial field — a role it has played for more than two centuries.
1782: the founding of Bangkok
When King Rama I moved the capital from Thonburi to the east bank of the Chao Phraya in 1782, he laid out the new Grand Palace. The broad flat land just north of it was left open on purpose, reserved for the kingdom's great gatherings rather than built over.
Thung Phra Men — the royal cremation ground
For much of its history the field was called Thung Phra Men (the royal cremation ground), because royal funeral pyres were raised here for monarchs, queens and senior royals. The name Sanam Luang came into use later.
The Royal Ploughing Ceremony
Each May the Raek Na ceremony is held here to mark the start of the rice-growing season. Drawn from ancient Khmer and Indian tradition, it is presided over by the monarch or a royal representative and watched by crowds.
Coronations, cremations and state events
Beyond ploughing rites, the field has hosted coronation celebrations, the royal cremation of King Bhumibol Adulyadej in 2017, and the Trooping of the Colours. It remains the stage for the nation's defining moments.
From royal ground to public park
Through the 20th century the field also became a place for public gatherings, Songkran festivities and everyday recreation. Today it is managed as a public park, open to everyone from 05:00 to 22:00, while still closing for major royal ceremonies.
History — frequently asked questions
Common questions about the background of Sanam Luang.
Background
Why is it called the Royal Field?
Sanam Luang means royal field or royal ground in Thai. The name reflects its original purpose: open royal land kept clear for ceremonies rather than for buildings.
How old is Sanam Luang?
The ground has been kept open since Bangkok became the capital in 1782 — more than two centuries. Its earlier name, Thung Phra Men, refers to its use as the royal cremation ground.
What ceremonies take place here?
The Royal Ploughing Ceremony each May, royal cremations, coronation events and major state ceremonies. The square may close to the public during these occasions.
More guides
Directions to Sanam Luang (the Royal Field) in Bangkok: MRT Sanam Chai, the Chao Phraya Express Boat to Tha Chang, airport transfers from Suvarnabhumi and Don Mueang, buses, taxis and where to park.
What to see around Sanam Luang: the Grand Palace and Wat Phra Kaew, Wat Pho, Wat Suthat and the Giant Swing, the Bangkok National Museum, Democracy Monument and a half-day walking route.